I am often asked by my patients to explain how acupuncture works. A fair question! And I almost never feel like I have given a completely understandable answer. So for those still interested in learning more, here is a summary (with links for further reading) about what is making you feel better:
Acupuncture works through a combination of biological, neurological, and traditional mechanisms that help relieve pain and other symptoms. Its effectiveness is supported by clinical research, though the exact mechanisms may vary. Exploring the Science of Acupuncture
Biological and Neurological Mechanisms
Acupuncture stimulates specific points on the body, activating sensory nerves in the skin and muscles. Understandings of acupuncture application and mechanisms
This process triggers the release of natural painkillers, such as endorphins and endogenous opioid peptides, which help reduce pain. Acupuncture therapy: mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety: a potential intervention for psychogenic disorders?
Needle stimulation also influences neurotransmitters and chemical pathways, including purinergic signaling and the release of adenosine, which modulates local and systemic inflammation. Deciphering the biological effects of acupuncture treatment modulating multiple metabolism pathways
Controlled studies show changes in blood flow, muscle relaxation, and systemic anti-inflammatory responses tied to specific neurological pathways. Neurobiological Mechanisms of Acupuncture for Some Common Illnesses: Neurobiological Mechanisms of Acupuncture for Some Common Illnesses: A Clinician's Perspective
Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective
According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), acupuncture restores the body's balance of “Qi” (energy), which flows through channels called meridians. The Role of Acupuncture in Pain Management
Illness is believed to result from imbalances in Qi. Inserting needles into precise acupoints is thought to rebalance energy flow and promote healing. How does acupuncture work?
Evidence of Effectiveness
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have found acupuncture to have clinically relevant benefits for conditions like chronic pain, headaches, osteoarthritis, and low back pain. Research Finds Acupuncture Effective for Chronic Pain
Clinical trials also suggest acupuncture’s effects are not fully explained by placebo; they may persist for months in some cases. Evidence on acupuncture therapies is underused in clinical practice and health policy